MAKE Volume 14

Keep an eye-out for Make Vol. 14, which has a special section on optics. You'll learn how to make an inexpensive but powerful digital microscope that will allow you to display bacteria colonies on a video monitor, a vintage-looking opaque projector that can display artwork from books onto a wall, a model of a crazy-angled room that makes things appear to change size, and a cool kaleidoscope. Also in the issue, we'll show you how to build the following: a mesmerizing taffy pulling machine, a remote control dune buggy with a built in video camera, a dollar-store parabolic microphone, and many more fun and fascinating projects.

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Condenser Microphones Vs Dynamic Microphones

There are three major different types of microphones used for music recording (at major label studios, indie studios, & home studios alike) and they are as follows:

(1) Dynamic microphones.

(2) Large diapragm condenser microphones.

(3) Small diapraghm condenser microphones.

No Single "Best" Microphone

The first important thing to understand is that there is no "one mic fits all" solution. Each microphone is best suited to a certain type of recording. The first thing you need to know is what you are recording. Once you know that then you can select the best type of microphone (and from there you can choose the specific brand of microphone that you can afford.)

Dynamic Microphones

These are generally the cheapest type of microphone and they are also the most durable. They don't require "phantom power" like condenser mics do (more on that in the condenser mic section of this article.) What are they best suited for? They are used for recording amplified sounds such as an electric guitar's amp. You may think that you should record your electric guitar directly into your recording device but this is not true. You will never capture the same sort of sound by going directly in as you will when recording an amp. They are also used for recording drums (bass drums, snares, & toms.)

Large Diapraghm Condenser Microphones

These are used for recording vocals and "deep" sounding acoustic instruments such as a cello or an upright bass. These tend to be more expensive and in fact they can get to be extremely expensive in some cases (like the famous Neumann U87 which retails for over $4000.)

Small Diapraghm Condenser Microphones

These are used for recording most acoustic instruments (acoustic guitars, violins, etc) and for recording cymbals and hi-hats on a live drum set.

Which Brand?

Now that you know which type of microphone to use, the next decision is which brand should you buy? For the most part the more expensive the microphone, the higher quality it is. This isn't simply a situation where the same products are being stamped with different brands (see: clothing) it's a situation where there are vast differences in the quality. You will notice a significant improvement in sound quality when using a more expensive mic. Thus the answer to this question is: Buy the most expensive microphones you can afford.

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Accessories For Your Helmet Camcorder

Are you interested in extreme sports and hunting? If you are, chances are that you already know about helmet cameras. Helmet cameras are small recording devices that fit on hats, headgear, and helmets. They are usually used for racing or hunting videos, as they provide a driver's or shooter's-eye perspective on the action. However, many people do not realize that there are many accessories for helmet cameras that can make a decent video extraordinary. The five basic types of helmet camera accessories are connecting cables, camera mounts, lenses, battery packs, and microphones. This article will discuss each category in detail.

Cables come in two basic types: connecting cables and extension cables. Connecting cables have one end that connects to the camera and another end that has various adapters to fit in the recorder. Usually, the recorder end is an AV jack; however, it could be a standard AV jack, a 3.5mm AV jack, or a 10-chip AV jack. Each recorder uses a different type of connection. Extension cables, on the other hand, do not have specialized ends; instead, they have standard connectors but are much longer than normal connecting cables.

Camera mounts are available in a variety of different styles. Some mount the camera directly on your helmet or goggles; these either have an adhesive back or a small clip. Other mounts attach the camera to a headband or to handlebars. Many experts agree that helmet mounts are ideal, as they provide sufficient stability for high-quality shots. However, if you are not wearing a helmet, a hands-free headband mount is the best.

Helmet camera lenses are almost as varied as regular camera lenses. There are three basic types: normal, wide angle, and telephoto. Wide angles lenses, as the name implies, produce a far larger image size than normal lenses. They are thus ideal for shooting vast landscapes, especially in hunting videos. Telephoto lenses produce a "zoom in" effect, allowing much more detailed and vivid videos. These are perfect for ?up close? filming, like in adventure sports.

Battery packs offer the least choice of any camera accessories. Most cameras require a specific type of battery, so you must purchase a battery pack that uses those batteries. However, try shopping around, too; some packs vary quite a bit in efficiency (i.e. how much battery energy is lost in the wiring of the charger).

Microphones are oft-overlooked accessories that are surprisingly important. Many new helmet cameras have microphones built in to the camera set up. However, oftentimes these microphones produce poor or distorted sound. TO record high-quality sound, consider purchasing a microphone that plugs directly into the AV cable. The other benefit of this is that most accessory microphones have long cords, allowing you to put the camera and microphone in different places.

Helmet cameras are fun, high-tech tools to use. They bring an immediacy and excitement to videos that stationary cameras can?t quite capture. However, it is important to understand that a basic helmet camera is just the beginning of high-quality video production. Many of the accessories mentioned in this article are just as important as the camera itself.

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Business Cards Design for Musicians

There are so many types of musicians out there that it is important to differentiate yourself on your business cards. So, what should musician business cards look like in order to get the necessary attention and portray a little bit of the story? The following suggestions are just a few ideas for musician business cards. Remember that color business cards are important for all musicians no matter what to grab attention.

Musical Notes

A great way to portray your commitment to the music industry is to place musical notes on your business cards. You could do this in a variety of ways from several small music notes on the card to lots of mini ones or just one large one. The color you choose will also reflect your musical style and should be considered. Also, almost any magician can get away with using musical notes on their business cards. This is good if you want generalized business cards.

Guitar

If you are a guitarist and interested in letting your potential clients know that then printing up some musician's business cards with a guitar on it is a great idea. You could use electric or acoustic guitars or whatever best portrays your style and talent.

Microphone

Singers can really get away with business cards that have a microphone on them. This could be just a single microphone or it could be an individual singing into a microphone. Regardless, the microphone shows one's commitment to song.

Other Designs

If you engage in some other type of music then consider using that instrument on your business cards. You can easily have business cards printed up to match what you want so come up with a good idea and take it to a business card shop and have it printed up.

Pictures

Finally, you may chose to have a picture of yourself singing or playing or even with your band as part of your business card. Color business cards will really show off the picture and this is a great idea.

As a musician you must choose what type of musician business cards will work bet for your business and then have them printed up. Not having a card on you means you may lose business and that is the last thin you want to do. Just start thinking about your options and the suggestions already mentioned to help you come up with the best business card ever.

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Boundary Microphone

In a Boundary Microphone, also know as a Pressure Zone Microphone or PZM, an acronym trademarked by Crown International, a tiny opening allows sound waves to reach a small mic diaphragm immediately adjacent to a hard surface. Sound waves a few millimeters away from a hard surface form a pressure zone, or boundary layer, in which interaction between the sound wave molecules and the surface bring the waves into phase.

This pressure zone also results in sound pickup that changes little in relation to its distance from the sound source. It also results in an increased sensitivity of the mic and an increases in high frequency response. So by placing a necessarily small mic diaphragm against a hard surface you get a inconspicuous one that has increased sensitivity, virtually no phase coloration and little change in sound quality due to direction it in relation to the sound source you want to pick up.

In comparison, a conventional vocal mic has a very directional pickup pattern and is relatively insensitive so that a vocalist has to sing directly into the microphone's diaphragm to avoid the pickup of sound reflections and off axis coloration.

The Boundary Microphone is usually a very small condenser microphone mounted to a flat surface to serve as the boundary layer. In use the microphone will often be mounted against a flat surface, like the floor of a stage or a conference table, so that the whole surface area will act as a large boundary layer.

The ability of these microphones to pick up sound with little coloration due to direction of the sound source and there excellent sensitivity make them perfect for several disparate applications. They are often used at the front of a theater stage to pickup all of the actors voices or on a conference table so that individual microphones are not needed for the participants in a conference call.

Another common application is on percussion instruments. The microphone's ability to pick up sound from different directions makes it very good for miking a drum kit. It's excellent frequency response will pick up the wide variation in sound levels produced by percussive instruments like a piano. Due in large part to its patent expiring Boundary Microphones have become much more common and diversified in recent years. Many manufacturers now produce them in a variety of configurations making them more common and less expensive.

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